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000250_owner-lightwave-l _Thu Jul 14 14:02:49 1994.msg
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Received: by netcom.com (8.6.8.1/SMI-4.1/Netcom) id NAA05029; Thu, 14 Jul 1994 13:07:38 -0700
Received: from merlin.lmig.com by netcom.com (8.6.8.1/SMI-4.1/Netcom) id NAA04986; Thu, 14 Jul 1994 13:07:30 -0700
Date: Thu, 14 Jul 1994 16:02:27 -0400 (EDT)
From: Bob Hassinger <HASSINGER@merlin.lmig.com>
To: lightwave-l@netcom.com
CC: HASSINGER@merlin.lmig.com
Message-Id: <940714160227.a6d7@merlin.lmig.com>
Subject: Re: Changing aspect ratio
Sender: owner-lightwave-l@netcom.com
Precedence: list
Reply-To: lightwave-l@netcom.com
Somewhere in all this discussion I noticed what may be a mis-conception that is
very common and hard to find good information about. Someone seemed to suggest
that since 300 dpi laser printers produce at best only fair output of images,
that one needed to render at possibly even more than 300 dpi times the final 8
1/2 x 11 page size. Someone else talked about needing 2400 dpi times 8 1/2 x
11.
It turns out there is a difference between the dpi spec for a typical laser
printer, and the pixel resolution required in your image. The basic reason is
that laser printers only print black dots of one size. In order to emulate
traditional halftone dots you have to use a whole array of dots with some on
and some off depending on how dark that dot needs to appear. The typical
Postscript laser printer does all this for you, including, it would seem,
interpolating whatever pixel pitch you give it to fit. For example, it is
common for a 600 dpi laser printer to be run at 85 lpi (lines per inch - the
effective "halftone" screen of its output). If I recall correctly this setting
gives effectively 128 gray levels (e.g. 7 bits worth). A 300 dpi laser printer
is often used at around 52 lpi, giving something like 64 gray levels (6 bits
worth). 52 lpi is very low and does look blocky, as well as looking even
poorer because of the low number of gray levels.
In principle you really only need to send those printers 52 or 85 pixels per
inch to give them all the information they need to do their best. It seems
pretty typical to recommend that you can use up to 2 or 2.5 times that however,
so you might send a 300 dpi printer something like 125 pixels per inch, or a
600 dpi printer around 200 dpi. More than that is just wasted effort because
the printer can't use it. And the extra information just slows the process
down.
When you see numbers like 1250 and 2400 dpi, it is for film recorders that are
outputting more like 8 bit (256 gray levels) at typical high quality halftone
ranges - say 125 up to close to 200 lpi. That represents very high printed
page quality - the kind that needs to be on coated stock and so on, like the
covers Allen mentioned.
The bottom line is that 2000 to 4000 pixels across the frame is high quality
for slides and print.
The best bet seems to check with the printer who will be working with your
file. He can tell you what he needs.
Bob Hassinger
hassinger@merlin.lmig.com